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This book is based on the international congress ‘Ethical, Legal and Psychosocial Aspects of Transplantation. Global Challenges’  (Rome, Italy, April 2016). The congress was attended by clinicians, ethicists, psychologists, philosophers, lawyers and policy makers in the field of organ transplantation.
The chapters address current issues in the field of transplantation ethics, psychology and law.
The topics:

• Organ trade and paid donation;
• Pediatric donation and transplantation;
• Cultural, religious and social aspects;
• Legal aspects;
• Psychosocial aspects;
• Ethical and philosophical aspects;
• Living donation;Deceased donation.

The ELPAT platform aims to promote debate and research on ethical, legal and psychosocial aspects of organ transplantation. ELPAT is an official section within the European Society for Organ Transplantation (ESOT).


Preface

Introduction
Emma K. Massey, Frederike Ambagtsheer, Franco Citterio, Willem Weimar

The role of ethics in the early history of transplantation
Michael A. Bos


Ethical, Legal and Cultural Aspects

Summary of Workshop 2: ‘Common problems and national approaches to death and deceased donation’
Thomas Gutmann & Medard Hilhorst

Common problems and national approaches to death and deceased donation: the Italian approach
Marco Vergano & Francesca Baroncelli

Organ transplantation and assisted dying: where, when, how and why?
Deborah Ummel & Mélanie Vachon

Pre-mortem interventions facilitating organ retrieval: the new Swiss legal framework
Mélanie Levy

Age and generational relations in organ donation: an emerging field of empirical research and ethical controversy
Mark Schweda & Sabine Wöhlke

Renal transplantation in the Middle East: challenges and opportunities
Ala A. Ali

Panorama of kidney transplantation in Algeria
Khadidja Habchi, Ali Benziane, Mohamed Laib, Aldjia Lamri & Messaoud Saidani


Living Donation

Informing the living donor: practical approaches to moral dilemmas
Lisa Burnapp

The impact of volunteers on unspecified living kidney donation in the UK
Christopher Burns-Cox, Paul van den Bosch, Paul Gibbs, Jan Shorrock & Bob Wiggins

Live donor autonomy and professional protectionism; inconsistency in medical aspects of live donor evaluation
Ian D. Dittmer

Is it ethical to offer priority points to compatible pairs participating in kidney exchange programs?
Marie-Chantal Fortin

The ethics of shifting the US framework of living kidney donation from a disincentive to an incentive based model
Giuliano Testa, Steven Hays & Hoylan T. Fernandez


Psychological Aspects

Summary of Workshop 5: ‘Psychosocial evaluation, support and education of living organ candidates’
Inês Mega & Emma Massey

The role of an independent living donor advocate: discussion of implementation options for the European setting
Rebecca E. Hays

Psychosocial profile of potential kidney recipients and their living non-related donors
Susana M. Bayardo, Silvia R. Groppa, Cora Giordani, Cesar Mombelli, Guillermo Rosa Diez & Nora Imperiali

Quality of Life comparison between haemodialysis patients and expanded criteria kidney transplants
Chalini Lankage, Hannah-May Elmasry, Hannah Maple, Nizam Mamode & Nicos Kessaris

Using the Canadian code of ethics for psychologists to determine the acceptability of organ donation following medical assistanceb to die
Marie Achille


Pediatric Donation and Transplantation

Summary of Workshop 4: ‘Pediatric donation and transplantation’
Marion Siebelink & Karl-Leo Schwering

Impact of living transplantation on family dynamics
Karl-Leo Schwering, Kristof Thys, Laure Rougier, Isabelle Aujoulat

Under what conditions should minors be considered as potential hematopoietic stem cell donors: a review of guidance documents
Miha Orazem & Kristof Thys

Recent changes in child-organ donation in the UK & what next
Joe Brierley


Organ Trade

Summary of Workshop 6: ‘Understanding the human organ trade?‘
Michael A. Bos

A critical analysis of organ ‘trafficking’ and the prevailing law enforcement response
Seán Columb

Illegal transplants and medical responsibility under the light of law and ethics
Athina Koufou

Current status of organ harvesting from prisoners in China
Huige Li

Neo-cannibalism and ISIS: organs and tissue trafficking during times of political conflict and war
Nancy Scheper-Hughes


Deceased Donation

Summary of Workshop 1: ‘Clinical research in deceased donation: which medical, ethical, legal and societal aspects have to be taken into account?’
Rutger Ploeg & Bernadette Haase

Directed deceased donation: beyond the impartial allocation dogma
Medard Hilhorst

Keeping consent in context: what is consent to deceased donation and from whom do we need it?
David Shaw

Influence of annual educational meetings with ICU specialists on rates of deceased donation
Eva Šteina & Janis Jushinskis


Public Issues & Communication

Summary of Workshop 3: ‘Public issues in organ donation and transplantation’
David Rodríguez-Arias

An exploration of experiences in campaigns on organ donation in The Netherlands
Jeantine M. M. P. J. Reiger-van de Wijdeven

Partnerships between media and ethics: students peer-to-peer campaigns for organ donation
Mihaela Frunză & Ariana Guga

Undergraduate healthcare students’ knowledge toward organ donation: a survey in an Italian university
Lisa Giovannini, Francesco Fontana, Marika Massari & Gianni Cappelli

Shifts in public perceptions of deceased organ donation in Denmark: lessons learned about public acceptability
Klaus L. Hoeyer

Analysis of studies on communication in organ donation and transplantation
Marie Lingemann, Danica Avsec, Bernarda Logar Zakrajšek & Thomas Breidenbach

FOEDUS Work Package 7 – international approach in communication
Thomas Breidenbach, Marie Lingemann, Bernarda Logar Zakrajšek & Danica Avsec